Some older lathes held the spindle axially by the pulley abutting the bearings and or their seat and some even older lathes used a thrust outboard bearing (I have one that the pointed outboard spindle rides in a cup). Some newer lathes use the inboard bearing itself as the spindle register. I can see that a strong axial force _could damage these. I can see too, that spherical and tapered bearings _could be damaged by a big ole axial swat.
As I've said before, IMHO that the force needed to firmly seat a MT or to tighten a screwed on accessory will harm the ball bearings in a modern lathe is largely an urban myth.
For a more scientific point: If Leo L. (or the other Leo) says something will work ....it will!
Turn to Safety, Arch Fortiter